* WordPress user administration API.
* @subpackage Administration
* Creates a new user from the "Users" form using $_POST information.
* @return int|WP_Error WP_Error or User ID.
* Edit user settings based on contents of $_POST
* Used on user-edit.php and profile.php to manage and process user options, passwords etc.
* @param int $user_id Optional. User ID.
* @return int|WP_Error User ID of the updated user or WP_Error on failure.
function edit_user( $user_id = 0 ) {
$user_id = (int) $user_id;
$userdata = get_userdata( $user_id );
$user->user_login = wp_slash( $userdata->user_login );
if ( ! $update && isset( $_POST['user_login'] ) ) {
$user->user_login = sanitize_user( wp_unslash( $_POST['user_login'] ), true );
if ( isset( $_POST['pass1'] ) ) {
$pass1 = trim( $_POST['pass1'] );
if ( isset( $_POST['pass2'] ) ) {
$pass2 = trim( $_POST['pass2'] );
if ( isset( $_POST['role'] ) && current_user_can( 'promote_users' ) && ( ! $user_id || current_user_can( 'promote_user', $user_id ) ) ) {
$new_role = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['role'] );
// If the new role isn't editable by the logged-in user die with error.
$editable_roles = get_editable_roles();
if ( ! empty( $new_role ) && empty( $editable_roles[ $new_role ] ) ) {
wp_die( __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to give users that role.' ), 403 );
$potential_role = isset( $wp_roles->role_objects[ $new_role ] ) ? $wp_roles->role_objects[ $new_role ] : false;
* Don't let anyone with 'promote_users' edit their own role to something without it.
* Multisite super admins can freely edit their roles, they possess all caps.
( is_multisite() && current_user_can( 'manage_network_users' ) ) ||
get_current_user_id() !== $user_id ||
( $potential_role && $potential_role->has_cap( 'promote_users' ) )
if ( isset( $_POST['email'] ) ) {
$user->user_email = sanitize_text_field( wp_unslash( $_POST['email'] ) );
if ( isset( $_POST['url'] ) ) {
if ( empty( $_POST['url'] ) || 'http://' === $_POST['url'] ) {
$user->user_url = sanitize_url( $_POST['url'] );
$protocols = implode( '|', array_map( 'preg_quote', wp_allowed_protocols() ) );
$user->user_url = preg_match( '/^(' . $protocols . '):/is', $user->user_url ) ? $user->user_url : 'http://' . $user->user_url;
if ( isset( $_POST['first_name'] ) ) {
$user->first_name = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['first_name'] );
if ( isset( $_POST['last_name'] ) ) {
$user->last_name = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['last_name'] );
if ( isset( $_POST['nickname'] ) ) {
$user->nickname = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['nickname'] );
if ( isset( $_POST['display_name'] ) ) {
$user->display_name = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['display_name'] );
if ( isset( $_POST['description'] ) ) {
$user->description = trim( $_POST['description'] );
foreach ( wp_get_user_contact_methods( $user ) as $method => $name ) {
if ( isset( $_POST[ $method ] ) ) {
$user->$method = sanitize_text_field( $_POST[ $method ] );
if ( isset( $_POST['locale'] ) ) {
$locale = sanitize_text_field( $_POST['locale'] );
if ( 'site-default' === $locale ) {
} elseif ( '' === $locale ) {
} elseif ( ! in_array( $locale, get_available_languages(), true ) ) {
if ( current_user_can( 'install_languages' ) && wp_can_install_language_pack() ) {
if ( ! wp_download_language_pack( $locale ) ) {
$user->rich_editing = isset( $_POST['rich_editing'] ) && 'false' === $_POST['rich_editing'] ? 'false' : 'true';
$user->syntax_highlighting = isset( $_POST['syntax_highlighting'] ) && 'false' === $_POST['syntax_highlighting'] ? 'false' : 'true';
$user->admin_color = isset( $_POST['admin_color'] ) ? sanitize_text_field( $_POST['admin_color'] ) : 'fresh';
$user->show_admin_bar_front = isset( $_POST['admin_bar_front'] ) ? 'true' : 'false';
$user->comment_shortcuts = isset( $_POST['comment_shortcuts'] ) && 'true' === $_POST['comment_shortcuts'] ? 'true' : '';
if ( ! empty( $_POST['use_ssl'] ) ) {
$errors = new WP_Error();
/* checking that username has been typed */
if ( '' === $user->user_login ) {
$errors->add( 'user_login', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> Please enter a username.' ) );
/* checking that nickname has been typed */
if ( $update && empty( $user->nickname ) ) {
$errors->add( 'nickname', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> Please enter a nickname.' ) );
* Fires before the password and confirm password fields are checked for congruity.
* @param string $user_login The username.
* @param string $pass1 The password (passed by reference).
* @param string $pass2 The confirmed password (passed by reference).
do_action_ref_array( 'check_passwords', array( $user->user_login, &$pass1, &$pass2 ) );
// Check for blank password when adding a user.
if ( ! $update && empty( $pass1 ) ) {
$errors->add( 'pass', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> Please enter a password.' ), array( 'form-field' => 'pass1' ) );
// Check for "\" in password.
if ( str_contains( wp_unslash( $pass1 ), '\\' ) ) {
$errors->add( 'pass', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> Passwords may not contain the character "\\".' ), array( 'form-field' => 'pass1' ) );
// Checking the password has been typed twice the same.
if ( ( $update || ! empty( $pass1 ) ) && $pass1 !== $pass2 ) {
$errors->add( 'pass', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> Passwords do not match. Please enter the same password in both password fields.' ), array( 'form-field' => 'pass1' ) );
if ( ! empty( $pass1 ) ) {
$user->user_pass = $pass1;
if ( ! $update && isset( $_POST['user_login'] ) && ! validate_username( $_POST['user_login'] ) ) {
$errors->add( 'user_login', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> This username is invalid because it uses illegal characters. Please enter a valid username.' ) );
if ( ! $update && username_exists( $user->user_login ) ) {
$errors->add( 'user_login', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> This username is already registered. Please choose another one.' ) );
/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/user.php */
$illegal_logins = (array) apply_filters( 'illegal_user_logins', array() );
if ( in_array( strtolower( $user->user_login ), array_map( 'strtolower', $illegal_logins ), true ) ) {
$errors->add( 'invalid_username', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> Sorry, that username is not allowed.' ) );
// Checking email address.
if ( empty( $user->user_email ) ) {
$errors->add( 'empty_email', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> Please enter an email address.' ), array( 'form-field' => 'email' ) );
} elseif ( ! is_email( $user->user_email ) ) {
$errors->add( 'invalid_email', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> The email address is not correct.' ), array( 'form-field' => 'email' ) );
$owner_id = email_exists( $user->user_email );
if ( $owner_id && ( ! $update || ( $owner_id !== $user->ID ) ) ) {
$errors->add( 'email_exists', __( '<strong>Error:</strong> This email is already registered. Please choose another one.' ), array( 'form-field' => 'email' ) );
* Fires before user profile update errors are returned.
* @param WP_Error $errors WP_Error object (passed by reference).
* @param bool $update Whether this is a user update.
* @param stdClass $user User object (passed by reference).
do_action_ref_array( 'user_profile_update_errors', array( &$errors, $update, &$user ) );
if ( $errors->has_errors() ) {
$user_id = wp_update_user( $user );
$user_id = wp_insert_user( $user );
$notify = isset( $_POST['send_user_notification'] ) ? 'both' : 'admin';
* Fires after a new user has been created.
* @param int|WP_Error $user_id ID of the newly created user or WP_Error on failure.
* @param string $notify Type of notification that should happen. See
* wp_send_new_user_notifications() for more information.
do_action( 'edit_user_created_user', $user_id, $notify );
* Fetch a filtered list of user roles that the current user is
* Simple function whose main purpose is to allow filtering of the
* list of roles in the $wp_roles object so that plugins can remove
* inappropriate ones depending on the situation or user making edits.
* Specifically because without filtering anyone with the edit_users
* capability can edit others to be administrators, even if they are
* only editors or authors. This filter allows admins to delegate
* @return array[] Array of arrays containing role information.
function get_editable_roles() {
$all_roles = wp_roles()->roles;
* Filters the list of editable roles.
* @param array[] $all_roles Array of arrays containing role information.
$editable_roles = apply_filters( 'editable_roles', $all_roles );
* Retrieve user data and filter it.
* @param int $user_id User ID.
* @return WP_User|false WP_User object on success, false on failure.
function get_user_to_edit( $user_id ) {
$user = get_userdata( $user_id );
* Retrieve the user's drafts.
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
* @param int $user_id User ID.
function get_users_drafts( $user_id ) {
$query = $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT ID, post_title FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_type = 'post' AND post_status = 'draft' AND post_author = %d ORDER BY post_modified DESC", $user_id );
* Filters the user's drafts query string.
* @param string $query The user's drafts query string.
$query = apply_filters( 'get_users_drafts', $query );
return $wpdb->get_results( $query );
* Delete user and optionally reassign posts and links to another user.
* Note that on a Multisite installation the user only gets removed from the site
* and does not get deleted from the database.
* If the `$reassign` parameter is not assigned to a user ID, then all posts will
* be deleted of that user. The action {@see 'delete_user'} that is passed the user ID
* being deleted will be run after the posts are either reassigned or deleted.
* The user meta will also be deleted that are for that user ID.
* @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
* @param int $id User ID.
* @param int $reassign Optional. Reassign posts and links to new User ID.
* @return bool True when finished.
function wp_delete_user( $id, $reassign = null ) {
if ( ! is_numeric( $id ) ) {
$user = new WP_User( $id );
if ( ! $user->exists() ) {
// Normalize $reassign to null or a user ID. 'novalue' was an older default.
if ( 'novalue' === $reassign ) {
} elseif ( null !== $reassign ) {
$reassign = (int) $reassign;
* Fires immediately before a user is deleted from the site.
* Note that on a Multisite installation the user only gets removed from the site
* and does not get deleted from the database.
* @since 5.5.0 Added the `$user` parameter.
* @param int $id ID of the user to delete.
* @param int|null $reassign ID of the user to reassign posts and links to.
* Default null, for no reassignment.
* @param WP_User $user WP_User object of the user to delete.
do_action( 'delete_user', $id, $reassign, $user );
if ( null === $reassign ) {
$post_types_to_delete = array();
foreach ( get_post_types( array(), 'objects' ) as $post_type ) {
if ( $post_type->delete_with_user ) {
$post_types_to_delete[] = $post_type->name;
} elseif ( null === $post_type->delete_with_user && post_type_supports( $post_type->name, 'author' ) ) {
$post_types_to_delete[] = $post_type->name;
* Filters the list of post types to delete with a user.
* @param string[] $post_types_to_delete Array of post types to delete.
* @param int $id User ID.
$post_types_to_delete = apply_filters( 'post_types_to_delete_with_user', $post_types_to_delete, $id );
$post_types_to_delete = implode( "', '", $post_types_to_delete );
$post_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT ID FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_author = %d AND post_type IN ('$post_types_to_delete')", $id ) );
foreach ( $post_ids as $post_id ) {
wp_delete_post( $post_id );
$link_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT link_id FROM $wpdb->links WHERE link_owner = %d", $id ) );
foreach ( $link_ids as $link_id ) {
wp_delete_link( $link_id );
$post_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT ID FROM $wpdb->posts WHERE post_author = %d", $id ) );
$wpdb->update( $wpdb->posts, array( 'post_author' => $reassign ), array( 'post_author' => $id ) );
if ( ! empty( $post_ids ) ) {
foreach ( $post_ids as $post_id ) {
clean_post_cache( $post_id );
$link_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT link_id FROM $wpdb->links WHERE link_owner = %d", $id ) );
$wpdb->update( $wpdb->links, array( 'link_owner' => $reassign ), array( 'link_owner' => $id ) );
if ( ! empty( $link_ids ) ) {
foreach ( $link_ids as $link_id ) {
clean_bookmark_cache( $link_id );
remove_user_from_blog( $id, get_current_blog_id() );
$meta = $wpdb->get_col( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT umeta_id FROM $wpdb->usermeta WHERE user_id = %d", $id ) );
foreach ( $meta as $mid ) {
delete_metadata_by_mid( 'user', $mid );
$wpdb->delete( $wpdb->users, array( 'ID' => $id ) );
clean_user_cache( $user );
* Fires immediately after a user is deleted from the site.
* Note that on a Multisite installation the user may not have been deleted from
* the database depending on whether `wp_delete_user()` or `wpmu_delete_user()`
* @since 5.5.0 Added the `$user` parameter.
* @param int $id ID of the deleted user.
* @param int|null $reassign ID of the user to reassign posts and links to.
* Default null, for no reassignment.
* @param WP_User $user WP_User object of the deleted user.
do_action( 'deleted_user', $id, $reassign, $user );
* Remove all capabilities from user.
* @param int $id User ID.
function wp_revoke_user( $id ) {
$user = new WP_User( $id );
$user->remove_all_caps();
* @param false $errors Deprecated.
function default_password_nag_handler( $errors = false ) {
if ( ! get_user_option( 'default_password_nag' ) ) {
// get_user_setting() = JS-saved UI setting. Else no-js-fallback code.
if ( 'hide' === get_user_setting( 'default_password_nag' )
|| isset( $_GET['default_password_nag'] ) && '0' === $_GET['default_password_nag']
delete_user_setting( 'default_password_nag' );
It is recommended that you Edit text format, this type of Fix handles quite a lot in one request
